Bell's Theorem & CHSH Inequality | Refutation of Local Realism
Quick Technical Answer:
Bell's Theorem proves that no physical theory of local hidden variables can reproduce the statistical predictions of quantum mechanics. Quantum entanglement violates the classical CHSH inequality |S| ≤ 2, reaching the Tsirelson bound |S| = 2√2 ≈ 2.828.
Formula / Unitary:
S = E(a, b) - E(a, b') + E(a', b) + E(a', b'), \quad |S_{\text{classical}}| \le 2, \quad |S_{\text{quantum}}| \le 2\sqrt{2}
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Frequently Asked Questions
What does violating Bell's inequality prove about reality?
It proves that our universe cannot be simultaneously local (no influences travel faster than light) and realistic (particles possess predetermined properties independent of measurement).